The Parisian club has now secured the season-opening cup on fourteen different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
Yet, Marseille fired two times in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital equaliser in the final seconds to force the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the past 13 seasons.